Causes of subsidence

Why does a house subside?

A foundation rarely subsides for no reason. Usually something changes in the ground underneath. Knowing the cause means choosing the right solution and keeping the problem from coming back.

Report your cracks Subsidence survey

Locally exposed foundation with a tape measure

Drought and shrinking clay

Clay shrinks as it dries and swells when it gets wet again. In a normal year the seasons affect the ground to about 1.5 m deep. Houses with foundations at 60 to 80 cm sit in the zone that moves. The highest risk is in the old, highly plastic clays such as Boom Clay and Ypres Clay.

A leaking sewer or rainwater drain

A leak wets the ground locally and can wash soil away. Have the drains checked by camera before repairing: otherwise the problem comes back.

Trees close to the house

On a hot day a large tree draws up to about 500 litres of water from the ground, on clay up to 1 to 1.5 times its height away and down to 5 m deep. Buildwise recommends a distance of at least 1 times the tree height.

Construction work nearby

Excavation, dewatering or pile driving next to your home can make the ground under your foundation move. Have the condition of your home recorded before nearby works start.

Soft or poorly compacted ground

Peat, made ground or poorly compacted soil can keep settling under load. With floors it shows as voids and slabs out of level.

With serious damage, have a structural engineer assess the situation. Soiltek is a specialist contractor: we record, measure, propose a technique and carry out the repair, in consultation with your engineer.

What can we do?

Deep Lift

Expanding resin strengthens the ground under the foundation, without digging.

Slab Lift

Sunken concrete floors back to level.

Frequently asked questions

What is the most common cause of subsidence in Belgium?

Much of Flanders and Wallonia has clay that shrinks in drought. After dry summers we see more cracks. Leaking drains and trees often play a part too.

What can I do myself?

Have the drains checked by camera, keep trees and large shrubs away from the façade and monitor cracks with a crack gauge.

How do I know whether there is clay under my house?

In Flanders you can check the DOV database (theme: plastic soils), in Wallonia Geoportail. A CPT sounding on site gives certainty.

Not sure?

Send us a few photos of the cracks and the surroundings of your house. We will look, with no obligation, at what may be going on.

Report your cracks

Read also: Cracks in walls · Subsiding house · Buying a house with cracks · Cracks after a dry summer · Trees next to your house on clay · Cracks from shrinking clay: from survey to repair